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Effect of glass on the frictional behavior of basalts at seismic slip rates

Violay, M.; Di Toro, G.; Gibert, B.; Nielsen, S.; Spagnuolo, E.; Del Gaudio, P.; Azais, P.; Scarlato, P.G.

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Authors

M. Violay

G. Di Toro

B. Gibert

E. Spagnuolo

P. Del Gaudio

P. Azais

P.G. Scarlato



Abstract

We performed 31 friction experiments on glassy basalts (GB) and glass-free basalts (GFB) at slip rates up to 6.5 m s−1 and normal stress up to 40 MPa (seismic conditions). Frictional weakening was associated to bulk frictional melting and lubrication. The weakening distance (Dw) was about 3 times shorter in GB than in GFB, but the steady state friction was systematically higher in GB than in GFB. The shorter Dw in GB may be explained by the thermal softening occurring at the glass transition temperature (Tg ~500°C), which is lower than the bulk melting temperature (Tm ~1250°C) of GFB. Postexperiment microanalyses suggest that the larger crystal fraction measured in GB melts results in the higher steady state friction value compared to the GFB melts. The effect of interstitial glass is to facilitate frictional instability and rupture propagation in GB with respect to GFB.

Citation

Violay, M., Di Toro, G., Gibert, B., Nielsen, S., Spagnuolo, E., Del Gaudio, P., …Scarlato, P. (2014). Effect of glass on the frictional behavior of basalts at seismic slip rates. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(2), 348-355. https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058601

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Dec 27, 2013
Publication Date Jan 28, 2014
Deposit Date Sep 23, 2015
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Geophysical Research Letters
Print ISSN 0094-8276
Electronic ISSN 1944-8007
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 41
Issue 2
Pages 348-355
DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/2013gl058601
Keywords Earthquakes, Friction, Basalts, Interstitial glass.

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Copyright Statement
Violay, M., G. Di Toro, B. Gibert, S. Nielsen, E. Spagnuolo, P. Del Gaudio, P. Azais, and P. G. Scarlato (2014), Effect of glass on the frictional behavior of basalts at seismic slip rates, Geophysical Research Letters, 41, 348-355, 10.1002/2013GL058601 (DOI). To view the published open abstract, go to http://dx.doi.org and enter the DOI.




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