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Evolution of the dust emission of massive galaxies up to z = 4 and constraints on their dominant mode of star formation

Béthermin, M.; Daddi, E.; Magdis, G.; Lagos, C.; Sargent, M.; Albrecht, M.; Aussel, H.; Bertoldi, F.; Buat, V.; Galametz, M.; Heinis, S.; Ilbert, O.; Karim, A.; Koekemoer, A.; Lacey, C.; Le Floc'h, E.; Navarrete, F.; Pannella, M.; Schreiber, C.; Smolčić, V.; Symeonidis, M.; Viero, M.

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Authors

M. Béthermin

E. Daddi

G. Magdis

C. Lagos

M. Sargent

M. Albrecht

H. Aussel

F. Bertoldi

V. Buat

M. Galametz

S. Heinis

O. Ilbert

A. Karim

A. Koekemoer

E. Le Floc'h

F. Navarrete

M. Pannella

C. Schreiber

V. Smolčić

M. Symeonidis

M. Viero



Abstract

We aim to measure the average dust and molecular gas content of massive star-forming galaxies (>3 × 1010M⊙) up to z = 4 in the COSMOS field to determine if the intense star formation observed at high redshift is induced by major mergers or is caused by large gas reservoirs. Firstly, we measured the evolution of the average spectral energy distributions as a function of redshift using a stacking analysis of Spitzer, Herschel, LABOCA, and AzTEC data for two samples of galaxies: normal star-forming objects and strong starbursts, as defined by their distance to the main sequence. We found that the mean intensity of the radiation field ⟨ U ⟩ heating the dust (strongly correlated with dust temperature) increases with increasing redshift up to z = 4 in main-sequence galaxies. We can reproduce this evolution with simple models that account for the decrease in the gas metallicity with redshift. No evolution of ⟨ U ⟩ with redshift is found in strong starbursts. We then deduced the evolution of the molecular gas fraction (defined here as Mmol/ (Mmol + M⋆)) with redshift and found a similar, steeply increasing trend for both samples. At z ~ 4, this fraction reaches ~60%. The average position of the main-sequence galaxies is on the locus of the local, normal star-forming disks in the integrated Schmidt-Kennicutt diagram (star formation rate versus mass of molecular gas), suggesting that the bulk of the star formation up to z = 4 is dominated by secular processes.

Citation

Béthermin, M., Daddi, E., Magdis, G., Lagos, C., Sargent, M., Albrecht, M., …Viero, M. (2015). Evolution of the dust emission of massive galaxies up to z = 4 and constraints on their dominant mode of star formation. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 573, Article A113. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425031

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Nov 30, 2015
Online Publication Date Jan 7, 2015
Publication Date Jan 7, 2015
Deposit Date Feb 3, 2016
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal Astronomy and astrophysics.
Print ISSN 0004-6361
Electronic ISSN 1432-0746
Publisher EDP Sciences
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 573
Article Number A113
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201425031

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Copyright Statement
Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, © ESO





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