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Metal Complexes for Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy: A Cyclometallated Iridium Complex Induces Two-Photon Photosensitization of Cancer Cells under Near-IR Light

McKenzie, L.K.; Sazanovich, I.V.; Baggaley, E.; Bonneau, M.; Guerchais, V.; Williams, J.A.G.; Weinstein, J.A.; Bryant, H.E.

Metal Complexes for Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy: A Cyclometallated Iridium Complex Induces Two-Photon Photosensitization of Cancer Cells under Near-IR Light Thumbnail


Authors

L.K. McKenzie

I.V. Sazanovich

E. Baggaley

M. Bonneau

V. Guerchais

J.A. Weinstein

H.E. Bryant



Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitizers (PS) which only become cytotoxic upon light-irradiation. Transition-metal complexes are highly promising PS due to long excited-state lifetimes, and high photo-stabilities. However, these complexes usually absorb higher-energy UV/Vis light, whereas the optimal tissue transparency is in the lower-energy NIR region. Two-photon excitation (TPE) can overcome this dichotomy, with simultaneous absorption of two lower-energy NIR-photons populating the same PS-active excited state as one higher-energy photon. We introduce two low-molecular weight, long-lived and photo-stable iridium complexes of the [Ir(N^C)2(N^N)]+ family with high TP-absorption, which localise to mitochondria and lysosomal structures in live cells. The compounds are efficient PS under 1-photon irradiation (405 nm) resulting in apoptotic cell death in diverse cancer cell lines at low light doses (3.6 J cm−2), low concentrations, and photo-indexes greater than 555. Remarkably 1 also displays high PS activity killing cancer cells under NIR two-photon excitation (760 nm), which along with its photo-stability indicates potential future clinical application.

Citation

McKenzie, L., Sazanovich, I., Baggaley, E., Bonneau, M., Guerchais, V., Williams, J., …Bryant, H. (2017). Metal Complexes for Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy: A Cyclometallated Iridium Complex Induces Two-Photon Photosensitization of Cancer Cells under Near-IR Light. Chemistry - A European Journal, 23(2), 234-238. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201604792

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 13, 2016
Online Publication Date Nov 2, 2016
Publication Date Jan 5, 2017
Deposit Date Mar 17, 2017
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Chemistry - A European Journal
Print ISSN 0947-6539
Electronic ISSN 1521-3765
Publisher Wiley
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 23
Issue 2
Pages 234-238
DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201604792

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Publisher Licence URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Copyright Statement
© 2016 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.





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