T. Awoke
Modeling outcomes of first-Line antiretroviral therapy and rate of CD4 counts change among a cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study
Awoke, T.; Worku, A.; Kebede, Y.; Kasim, A.; Birlie, B.; Braekers, R.; Zuma, K.; Shkedy, Z.
Authors
A. Worku
Y. Kebede
A. Kasim
B. Birlie
R. Braekers
K. Zuma
Z. Shkedy
Abstract
Background: Antiretroviral therapy has shown to be effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in patients infected with HIV for the past couples of decades. However, there remains a need to better understand the characteristics of long-term treatment outcomes in resource poor settings. The main aim of this study was to determine and compare the long-term response of patients on nevirapine and efavirenz based first line antiretroviral therapy regimen in Ethiopia. Methods: Hospital based retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2009 to December 2013 at University hospital located in Northwest Ethiopia. Human subject research approval for this study was received from University of Gondar Research Ethics Committee and the medical director of the hospital. Cox-proportional hazards model was used to assess the effect of baseline covariates on composite outcome and a semi-parametric mixed effect model was used to investigate CD4 counts response to treatments. Results: A total of 2386 HIV/AIDS naive patients were included in this study. Nearly one-in-four patients experienced the events, of which death, lost to follow up, treatment substitution and discontinuation of Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors(NNRTI) accounted: 99 (26.8%), 122 (33.0%), 137 (37.0%) and 12 (3.2%), respectively. The hazard of composite outcome on nevirapine compared with efavirenz was 1.02(95%CI: 0.52-1.99) with p-value = 0.96. Similarly, the hazard of composite outcome on tenofovir and stavudine compared with zidovudine were 1.87 (95%CI: 1.52-2.32), p-value < 0.0001 and 1.72(95% CI: 1.22-2.32), p-value = 0.002, respectively. The rate of CD4 increase in response to treatment was high during the first 10 months and stabilized later. Conclusions: This study revealed that treatment responses were comparable whether nevirapine or efavirenz was chosen to initiate antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia. There was significant difference on risk of composite outcome between patients who were initiated with Tenofovir containing ART regimen compared with zidovudine after controlling for NNRTI drug combinations.
Citation
Awoke, T., Worku, A., Kebede, Y., Kasim, A., Birlie, B., Braekers, R., …Shkedy, Z. (2016). Modeling outcomes of first-Line antiretroviral therapy and rate of CD4 counts change among a cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS ONE, 11(12), Article e0168323. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168323
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Nov 29, 2016 |
Online Publication Date | Dec 20, 2016 |
Publication Date | Dec 20, 2016 |
Deposit Date | May 23, 2017 |
Publicly Available Date | Jun 22, 2017 |
Journal | PLoS ONE |
Publisher | Public Library of Science |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 11 |
Issue | 12 |
Article Number | e0168323 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168323 |
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Copyright Statement
Copyright: © 2016 Awoke et al. This is an open
access article distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided the original
author and source are credited.
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