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Improving ART programme retention and viral suppression are key to maximising impact of treatment as prevention – a modelling study

McCreesh, N.; Andrianakis, I.; Nsubuga, R.; Strong, M.; Vernon, I.; McKinley, T.J.; Oakley, J.E.; Goldstein, M.; Hayes, R.; White, R.G.

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Authors

N. McCreesh

I. Andrianakis

R. Nsubuga

M. Strong

T.J. McKinley

J.E. Oakley

M. Goldstein

R. Hayes

R.G. White



Abstract

Background UNAIDS calls for fewer than 500,000 new HIV infections/year by 2020, with treatment-as-prevention being a key part of their strategy for achieving the target. A better understanding of the contribution to transmission of people at different stages of the care pathway can help focus intervention services at populations where they may have the greatest effect. We investigate this using Uganda as a case study. Methods An individual-based HIV/ART model was fitted using history matching. 100 model fits were generated to account for uncertainties in sexual behaviour, HIV epidemiology, and ART coverage up to 2015 in Uganda. A number of different ART scale-up intervention scenarios were simulated between 2016 and 2030. The incidence and proportion of transmission over time from people with primary infection, post-primary ART-naïve infection, and people currently or previously on ART was calculated. Results In all scenarios, the proportion of transmission by ART-naïve people decreases, from 70% (61%–79%) in 2015 to between 23% (15%–40%) and 47% (35%–61%) in 2030. The proportion of transmission by people on ART increases from 7.8% (3.5%–13%) to between 14% (7.0%–24%) and 38% (21%–55%). The proportion of transmission by ART dropouts increases from 22% (15%–33%) to between 31% (23%–43%) and 56% (43%–70%). Conclusions People who are currently or previously on ART are likely to play an increasingly large role in transmission as ART coverage increases in Uganda. Improving retention on ART, and ensuring that people on ART remain virally suppressed, will be key in reducing HIV incidence in Uganda.

Citation

McCreesh, N., Andrianakis, I., Nsubuga, R., Strong, M., Vernon, I., McKinley, T., …White, R. (2017). Improving ART programme retention and viral suppression are key to maximising impact of treatment as prevention – a modelling study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 17(1), Article 557. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2664-6

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Aug 1, 2017
Online Publication Date Aug 9, 2017
Publication Date Aug 9, 2017
Deposit Date Aug 22, 2016
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal BMC Infectious Diseases
Publisher BioMed Central
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 17
Issue 1
Article Number 557
DOI https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2664-6

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Publisher Licence URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Copyright Statement
© The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver
(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.




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