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Wicked conflict: Using wicked problem thinking for holistic management of conservation conflict

Mason, Tom H.E.; Pollard, Chris R.J.; Chimalakonda, Deepthi; Guerrero, Angela M.; Kerr-Smith, Catherine; Milheiras, Sergio A.G.; Roberts, Michaela; Ngafack, Paul R.; Bunnefeld, Nils

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Authors

Tom H.E. Mason

Chris R.J. Pollard

Deepthi Chimalakonda

Angela M. Guerrero

Catherine Kerr-Smith

Sergio A.G. Milheiras

Michaela Roberts

Paul R. Ngafack

Nils Bunnefeld



Abstract

Conservation conflict is widespread, damaging, and has proved difficult to manage using conventional conservation approaches. Conflicts are often “wicked problems,” lacking clear solutions due to divergent values of stakeholders, and being embedded within wickedly complex environments. Drawing on the concept of wicked environmental problems could lead to management strategies better suited to tackling conflict. However, it is unclear whether managers are embracing ideas from the wicked problems concept. There is currently a lack of guidance for applying strategies to tackle particular wicked problems, such as conservation conflict. We explored the suitability of wicked problems‐inspired management, using eight contemporary conflict case studies. Conservation conflict was managed predominantly using conventional approaches suited to tackling single objectives in simple environments, rather than balancing competing objectives in complex environments. To deal with different characteristics of wickedness, we recommend that managers develop strategies combining distributed decision‐making, diverse opinions, pattern‐based predictions, trade‐off‐based objectives, and reporting of failures. Recent advances in conservation conflict research have focused on improving interactions among stakeholders. We believe that such stakeholder‐focused approaches would dovetail with the whole‐system focus of a wicked problems framework, allowing conservationists to move toward a holistic strategy for managing conservation conflict.

Citation

Mason, T. H., Pollard, C. R., Chimalakonda, D., Guerrero, A. M., Kerr-Smith, C., Milheiras, S. A., …Bunnefeld, N. (2018). Wicked conflict: Using wicked problem thinking for holistic management of conservation conflict. Conservation Letters, 11(6), Article e12460. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12460

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Mar 27, 2018
Online Publication Date Apr 15, 2018
Publication Date Nov 30, 2018
Deposit Date May 10, 2018
Publicly Available Date May 10, 2018
Journal Conservation Letters
Publisher Society for Conservation Biology
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 11
Issue 6
Article Number e12460
DOI https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12460

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Publisher Licence URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Copyright Statement
Advance online version © 2018 The Authors. Conservation Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.





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