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The identification of peptides by nanoLC-MS/MS from human surface tooth enamel following a simple acid etch extraction

Stewart, Nicolas Andre; Molina, Gabriela Ferian; Issa, Jão Paulo Mardegan; Yates, Nathan Andrew; Sosovicka, Mark; Vieira, Alexandre Rezende; Line, Sergio Roberto Peres; Montgomery, Janet; Gerlach, Raquel Fernanda

The identification of peptides by nanoLC-MS/MS from human surface tooth enamel following a simple acid etch extraction Thumbnail


Authors

Nicolas Andre Stewart

Gabriela Ferian Molina

Jão Paulo Mardegan Issa

Nathan Andrew Yates

Mark Sosovicka

Alexandre Rezende Vieira

Sergio Roberto Peres Line

Raquel Fernanda Gerlach



Abstract

Tooth enamel is the hardest, densest and most mineralized tissue in vertebrates. This is due to the high crystallinity of enamel. During enamel formation, proteins responsible for mineralization are degraded by proteases, which results in mature enamel having less than 1% proteinaceous material, mostly as peptides. Many toxicological studies have taken advantage of the stability of tooth enamel to study heavy metal exposure, however few studies have been successful in identifying peptides from the enamel, especially from a single tooth. Furthermore, amelogenin, the most abundant protein involved in tooth development, is expressed from both the X and Y chromosomes and is dimorphic. Sequencing of the gender dimorphic peptide regions may be useful in determining gender, especially when no other biomaterial is available nor intact DNA remains. In light of this, a method employing nanoflow liquid chromatography (nanoLC) electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was used to analyse peptides released through an acid etch of the enamel from individual teeth. Two approaches were investigated, one with trypsin digest following acid etch and one without. Peptide identification was accomplished using typical proteomics methodology by searching against the human proteome. Peptides from the major enamel structural proteins were identified including amelogenin isoforms, ameloblastin, and enamelin. Furthermore, Y-chromosome-specific amelogenin peptides were also detected in mature enamel. Peptides were identified from the enamel of single teeth on present-day and archaeological samples in a non-destructive and minimally invasive method by nanoLC-MS/MS. The identification of tooth enamel specific peptides with this approach allows for its potential applications in forensic analysis and archaeological studies.

Citation

Stewart, N. A., Molina, G. F., Issa, J. P. M., Yates, N. A., Sosovicka, M., Vieira, A. R., …Gerlach, R. F. (2016). The identification of peptides by nanoLC-MS/MS from human surface tooth enamel following a simple acid etch extraction. RSC Advances, 6(66), 61673-61679. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra05120k

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date May 28, 2016
Online Publication Date Jun 15, 2016
Publication Date Jun 15, 2016
Deposit Date Jan 27, 2017
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal RSC Advances
Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 6
Issue 66
Pages 61673-61679
DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra05120k

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