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Balancing charge-transfer strength and triplet states for deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence with an unconventional electron rich dibenzothiophene acceptor

Huang, R; Kukhta, NA; Ward, JS; Danos, A; Batsanov, AS; Bryce, MR; Dias, FB

Balancing charge-transfer strength and triplet states for deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence with an unconventional electron rich dibenzothiophene acceptor Thumbnail


Authors

R Huang

NA Kukhta

JS Ward



Abstract

Manipulation of the emission properties of deep-blue emitters exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) through molecular design is challenging. We present an effective strategy to probe deeper into the role of localized (LE) and charge transfer (CT) states in the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) mechanism. In a series of donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D) blue emitters the dibenzothiophene functionality is used as an unconventional acceptor, while derivatives of 9,10-dihydro-9,9-dimethylacridine are used as electron-donors. tert-Butyl and methoxy substituents in the para-positions of the donor greatly enhance the donor strength, which allows exploration of different energy alignments among CT and LE triplet states. In the tert-butyl substituted compound the low energy triplet is localized on the acceptor unit, with the RISC mechanism (kRISC = 0.17 × 105 s−1) likely involving the mixture of CT and LE triplet states that are separated by less than 0.09 eV. An optimized organic light-emitting diode (OLED) based on the tBu-compound presents a maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.5% and deep-blue emission with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.133, 0.129). However, when methoxy substituents are used, the low-energy triplet state moves away from the emissive 1CT singlet increasing the energy gap to 0.24 eV. Despite a larger ΔEST, a faster RISC rate (kRISC = 2.28 × 105 s−1) is observed due to the upper-state RISC occurring from the high-energy triplet state localized on the D (or A) units. This work shows the importance of fine-tuning the electronic interactions of the donor and acceptor units to control the TADF mechanism and achieve a deep-blue TADF OLED.

Citation

Huang, R., Kukhta, N., Ward, J., Danos, A., Batsanov, A., Bryce, M., & Dias, F. (2019). Balancing charge-transfer strength and triplet states for deep-blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence with an unconventional electron rich dibenzothiophene acceptor. Journal of Materials Chemistry C Materials for optical and electronic devices, 7(42), 13224-13234. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02175b

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Sep 23, 2019
Online Publication Date Oct 14, 2019
Publication Date Oct 14, 2019
Deposit Date Sep 26, 2019
Publicly Available Date Oct 15, 2019
Journal Journal of Materials Chemistry C Materials for optical and electronic devices
Print ISSN 2050-7526
Electronic ISSN 2050-7534
Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 7
Issue 42
Pages 13224-13234
DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc02175b
Publisher URL https:/doi.org/10.1039/C9TC02175B

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