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Oral bait preferences and feasibility of oral rabies vaccination in Bangladeshi dogs

Bonwitt, Jesse; Bonaparte, Sarah; Blanton, Jesse; Gibson, Andrew D.; Hoque, Mahbub; Kennedy, Erin; Islam, Kamrul; Siddiqi, Umme Ruman; Wallace, Ryan M.; Azam, Shakif

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Authors

Sarah Bonaparte

Jesse Blanton

Andrew D. Gibson

Mahbub Hoque

Erin Kennedy

Kamrul Islam

Umme Ruman Siddiqi

Ryan M. Wallace

Shakif Azam



Abstract

Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) can increase rabies vaccination coverage among dogs that are inaccessible to parenteral vaccination (i.e., inaccessible dogs). Because bait uptake can differ according to the bait attractant used and dog characteristics, we evaluated proportion of bait uptake and time to bait uptake using three bait formulations. We looked for associations between bait uptake and dog characteristics (temperament, age, and body condition) and assessed the efficiency of using these bait formulations, as measured by number of dogs vaccinated per hour. A total of 356 baits were offered to free roaming dogs in urban and peri-urban districts of Bangladesh. Fish baits were ignored by 86% (n = 122; 95% CI: 79–91%) of dogs, whereas 60% (n = 45; 95% CI: 49–70%) consumed egg baits and 89% (n = 124; 95% CI: 83–93%) consumed intestine baits. Among the consumed baits, dogs fully consumed 56% (n = 10; 95% CI: 34–75%) of fish baits, 84% (n = 38; 95% CI: 71–92%) of egg baits, and 98% (n = 122; 95% CI: 94–100%) of intestine baits. Among inaccessible dogs, no associations were found between bait uptake and dog characteristics in either bivariate or multivariate analyses. Bait consumption averaged 2 dogs per hour for fish baits, 10 dogs per hour for egg baits, and 18 dogs per hour for intestine baits. The absence of association between bait type preference and individual dog characteristics simplifies the process of choosing attractants for oral rabies vaccines. While intestine attractants achieved highest uptake, egg baits may prove a suitable compromise when considering biological and operational constraints. The efficiency of ORV was demonstrated when compared to parenteral vaccination of free-roaming dogs previously described.

Citation

Bonwitt, J., Bonaparte, S., Blanton, J., Gibson, A. D., Hoque, M., Kennedy, E., …Azam, S. (2020). Oral bait preferences and feasibility of oral rabies vaccination in Bangladeshi dogs. Vaccine, 38(32), 5021-5026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.047

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date May 15, 2020
Online Publication Date Jun 6, 2020
Publication Date 2020-07
Deposit Date Jun 17, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal Vaccine
Print ISSN 0264-410X
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 38
Issue 32
Pages 5021-5026
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.05.047

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