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Variable water input controls evolution of the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc

Cooper, George F.; Macpherson, Colin G.; Blundy, Jon D.; Maunder, Benjamin; Allen, Robert W.; Goes, Saskia; Collier, Jenny S.; Bie, Lidong; Harmon, Nicholas; Hicks, Stephen P.; Iveson, Alexander A.; Prytulak, Julie; Rietbrock, Andreas; Rychert, Catherine A.; Davidson, Jon P.; team, The VoiLA

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Authors

George F. Cooper

Jon D. Blundy

Benjamin Maunder

Robert W. Allen

Saskia Goes

Jenny S. Collier

Lidong Bie

Nicholas Harmon

Stephen P. Hicks

Alexander A. Iveson

Andreas Rietbrock

Catherine A. Rychert

Jon P. Davidson

The VoiLA team



Abstract

Oceanic lithosphere carries volatiles, notably water, into the mantle through subduction at convergent plate boundaries. This subducted water exercises control on the production of magma, earthquakes, formation of continental crust and mineral resources. Identifying different potential fluid sources (sediments, crust and mantle lithosphere) and tracing fluids from their release to the surface has proved challenging1. Atlantic subduction zones are a valuable endmember when studying this deep water cycle because hydration in Atlantic lithosphere, produced by slow spreading, is expected to be highly non-uniform2. Here, as part of a multi-disciplinary project in the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc3, we studied boron trace element and isotopic fingerprints of melt inclusions. These reveal that serpentine—that is, hydrated mantle rather than crust or sediments—is a dominant supplier of subducted water to the central arc. This serpentine is most likely to reside in a set of major fracture zones subducted beneath the central arc over approximately the past ten million years. The current dehydration of these fracture zones coincides with the current locations of the highest rates of earthquakes and prominent low shear velocities, whereas the preceding history of dehydration is consistent with the locations of higher volcanic productivity and thicker arc crust. These combined geochemical and geophysical data indicate that the structure and hydration of the subducted plate are directly connected to the evolution of the arc and its associated seismic and volcanic hazards.

Citation

Cooper, G. F., Macpherson, C. G., Blundy, J. D., Maunder, B., Allen, R. W., Goes, S., …team, T. V. (2020). Variable water input controls evolution of the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc. Nature, 582, 525-529. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2407-5

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Mar 26, 2020
Online Publication Date Jun 24, 2020
Publication Date 2020-06
Deposit Date Jun 24, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Nature
Print ISSN 0028-0836
Publisher Nature Research
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 582
Pages 525-529
DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2407-5

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