Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal

Feuerborn, Tatiana R.; Carmagnini, Alberto; Losey, Robert J.; Nomokonova, Tatiana; Askeyev, Arthur; Askeyev, Igor; Askeyev, Oleg; Antipina, Ekaterina E.; Appelt, Martin; Bachura, Olga P.; Beglane, Fiona; Bradley, Daniel G.; Daly, Kevin G.; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Murphy Gregersen, Kristian; Guo, Chunxue; Gusev, Andrei V.; Jones, Carleton; Kosintsev, Pavel A.; Kuzmin, Yaroslav V.; Mattiangeli, Valeria; Perri, Angela R.; Plekhanov, Andrei V.; Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmín; Schmidt, Anne Lisbeth; Shaymuratova, Dilyara; Smith, Oliver; Yavorskaya, Lilia V.; Zhang, Guojie; Willerslev, Eske; Meldgaard, Morten; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Larson, Greger; Dalén, Love; Hansen, Anders J.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Frantz, Laurent

doi:10.1073/pnas.2100338118

Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal

Feuerborn, Tatiana R.; Carmagnini, Alberto; Losey, Robert J.; Nomokonova, Tatiana; Askeyev, Arthur; Askeyev, Igor; Askeyev, Oleg; Antipina, Ekaterina E.; Appelt, Martin; Bachura, Olga P.; Beglane, Fiona; Bradley, Daniel G.; Daly, Kevin G.; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Murphy Gregersen, Kristian; Guo, Chunxue; Gusev, Andrei V.; Jones, Carleton; Kosintsev, Pavel A.; Kuzmin, Yaroslav V.; Mattiangeli, Valeria; Perri, Angela R.; Plekhanov, Andrei V.; Ramos-Madrigal, Jazmín; Schmidt, Anne Lisbeth; Shaymuratova, Dilyara; Smith, Oliver; Yavorskaya, Lilia V.; Zhang, Guojie; Willerslev, Eske; Meldgaard, Morten; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Larson, Greger; Dalén, Love; Hansen, Anders J.; Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Frantz, Laurent

Authors

Tatiana R. Feuerborn

Alberto Carmagnini

Robert J. Losey

Tatiana Nomokonova

Arthur Askeyev

Igor Askeyev

Oleg Askeyev

Ekaterina E. Antipina

Martin Appelt

Olga P. Bachura

Fiona Beglane

Daniel G. Bradley

Kevin G. Daly

Shyam Gopalakrishnan

Kristian Murphy Gregersen

Chunxue Guo

Andrei V. Gusev

Carleton Jones

Pavel A. Kosintsev

Yaroslav V. Kuzmin

Valeria Mattiangeli

Angela R. Perri

Andrei V. Plekhanov

Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal

Anne Lisbeth Schmidt

Dilyara Shaymuratova

Oliver Smith

Lilia V. Yavorskaya

Guojie Zhang

Eske Willerslev

Morten Meldgaard

M. Thomas P. Gilbert

Greger Larson

Love Dalén

Anders J. Hansen

Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding

Laurent Frantz

Abstract

Dogs have been essential to life in the Siberian Arctic for over 9,500 y, and this tight link between people and dogs continues in Siberian communities. Although Arctic Siberian groups such as the Nenets received limited gene flow from neighboring groups, archaeological evidence suggests that metallurgy and new subsistence strategies emerged in Northwest Siberia around 2,000 y ago. It is unclear if the Siberian Arctic dog population was as continuous as the people of the region or if instead admixture occurred, possibly in relation to the influx of material culture from other parts of Eurasia. To address this question, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 20 ancient and historical Siberian and Eurasian Steppe dogs. Our analyses indicate that while Siberian dogs were genetically homogenous between 9,500 to 7,000 y ago, later introduction of dogs from the Eurasian Steppe and Europe led to substantial admixture. This is clearly the case in the Iamal-Nenets region (Northwestern Siberia) where dogs from the Iron Age period (∼2,000 y ago) possess substantially less ancestry related to European and Steppe dogs than dogs from the medieval period (∼1,000 y ago). Combined with findings of nonlocal materials recovered from these archaeological sites, including glass beads and metal items, these results indicate that Northwest Siberian communities were connected to a larger trade network through which they acquired genetically distinctive dogs from other regions. These exchanges were part of a series of major societal changes, including the rise of large-scale reindeer pastoralism ∼800 y ago.

Citation

Feuerborn, T. R., Carmagnini, A., Losey, R. J., Nomokonova, T., Askeyev, A., Askeyev, I., …Frantz, L. (2021). Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(39), Article e2100338118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100338118

Journal Article Type	Article
Acceptance Date	Jul 30, 2021
Online Publication Date	Sep 20, 2021
Publication Date	2021-09
Deposit Date	Nov 17, 2021
Publicly Available Date	Nov 18, 2021
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Print ISSN	0027-8424
Electronic ISSN	1091-6490
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Peer Reviewed	Peer Reviewed
Volume	118
Issue	39
Article Number	e2100338118
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100338118

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