Brain, M.J. and Rosser, N.J. and Sutton, J. and Snelling, K. and Tunstall, N. and Petley, D.N. (2015) 'The effects of normal and shear stress wave phasing on coseismic landslide displacement.', Journal of geophysical research : earth surface., 120 (6). pp. 1009-1022.
Abstract
Predictive models used to assess the magnitude of coseismic landslide strain accumulation in response to earthquake ground shaking typically consider slope-parallel ground accelerations only and ignore both the influence of coseismic slope-normal ground accelerations, and the phase relationship between dynamic slope-normal and slope-parallel accelerations. We present results of a laboratory study designed to assess the significance of the phase offset between slope-normal and slope-parallel cyclic stresses on the generation of coseismic landslide displacements. Using a dynamic back-pressured shearbox that is capable of simulating variably-phased slope-normal and slope-parallel dynamic loads, we subjected sediment samples to a range of dynamic loading scenarios indicative of earthquake-induced ground shaking. We detail the variations in strain accumulation observed when slope-normal and slope-parallel stresses occur independently and simultaneously, both in and out of phase, using a range of dynamic stress amplitudes. Our results show that the instantaneous phasing of dynamic stresses is critical in determining the amount of coseismic landslide displacement, which may vary by up to an order of magnitude based solely on wave phasing effects. Instantaneous strain rate is an exponential function of the distance normal to the Mohr Coulomb failure envelope in plots of shear stress against normal effective stress. This distance is strongly controlled by the phase offset between dynamic normal and shear stresses. Our results demonstrate that conditions considered by conventional coseismic slope stability models can either over- or under-estimate earthquake-induced landslide displacement by up to an order of magnitude. This has important implications for accurate assessment of coseismic landslide hazard.
Item Type: | Article |
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Keywords: | Landslide, Earthquake, Newmark analysis, Wave phasing. |
Full text: | (VoR) Version of Record Download PDF (1828Kb) |
Status: | Peer-reviewed |
Publisher Web site: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JF003417 |
Publisher statement: | Brain, M. J., N. J. Rosser, J. Sutton, K. Snelling, N. Tunstall, and D. N. Petley (2015), The effects of normal and shear stress wave phasing on coseismic landslide displacement. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 120, 1009–1022, 10.1002/2014JF003417 (DOI). To view the published open abstract, go to http://dx.doi.org and enter the DOI. |
Date accepted: | 07 May 2015 |
Date deposited: | 20 November 2015 |
Date of first online publication: | 06 June 2015 |
Date first made open access: | No date available |
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