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Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics

Cripps, E.; Wood, R.E.; Beckmann, N.; Lau, J.; Beckmann, J.F.; Cripps, S.A.

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Authors

E. Cripps

R.E. Wood

J. Lau

S.A. Cripps



Abstract

A Bayesian technique with analyses of within-person processes at the level of the individual is presented. The approach is used to examine whether the patterns of within-person responses on a 12-trial simulation task are consistent with the predictions of ITA theory (Dweck, 1999). ITA theory states that the performance of an individual with an entity theory of ability is more likely to spiral down following a failure experience than the performance of an individual with an incremental theory of ability. This is because entity theorists interpret failure experiences as evidence of a lack of ability which they believe is largely innate and therefore relatively fixed; whilst incremental theorists believe in the malleability of abilities and interpret failure experiences as evidence of more controllable factors such as poor strategy or lack of effort. The results of our analyses support ITA theory at both the within- and between-person levels of analyses and demonstrate the benefits of Bayesian techniques for the analysis of within-person processes. These include more formal specification of the theory and the ability to draw inferences about each individual, which allows for more nuanced interpretations of individuals within a personality category, such as differences in the individual probabilities of spiraling. While Bayesian techniques have many potential advantages for the analyses of processes at the level of the individual, ease of use is not one of them for psychologists trained in traditional frequentist statistical techniques.

Citation

Cripps, E., Wood, R., Beckmann, N., Lau, J., Beckmann, J., & Cripps, S. (2016). Bayesian Analysis of Individual Level Personality Dynamics. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, Article 1065. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01065

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jun 29, 2016
Online Publication Date Jul 19, 2016
Publication Date Jul 19, 2016
Deposit Date Jul 5, 2016
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal Frontiers in Psychology
Print ISSN 1664-1078
Publisher Frontiers Media
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 7
Article Number 1065
DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01065

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Publisher Licence URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Copyright Statement
Copyright © 2016 Cripps, Wood, Beckmann, Lau, Beckmann and Cripps. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.






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