An Optical/Near-infrared Investigation of HD 100546 b with the Gemini Planet Imager and MagAO

Rameau, Julien; Follette, Katherine B.; Pueyo, Laurent; Marois, Christian; Macintosh, Bruce; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell; Wang, Jason J.; Vega, David; Doyon, René; Lafrenière, David; Nielsen, Eric L.; Bailey, Vanessa; Chilcote, Jeffrey K.; Close, Laird M.; Esposito, Thomas M.; Males, Jared R.; Metchev, Stanimir; Morzinski, Katie M.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Wolff, Schuyler G.; Ammons, S.M.; Barman, Travis S.; Bulger, Joanna; Cotten, Tara; Rosa, Robert J. De; Duchene, Gaspard; Fitzgerald, Michael P.; Goodsell, Stephen; Graham, James R.; Greenbaum, Alexandra Z.; Hibon, Pascale; Hung, Li-Wei; Ingraham, Patrick; Kalas, Paul; Konopacky, Quinn; Larkin, James E.; Maire, Jérôme; Marchis, Franck; Oppenheimer, Rebecca; Palmer, David; Patience, Jennifer; Perrin, Marshall D.; Poyneer, Lisa; Rajan, Abhijith; Rantakyrö, Fredrik T.; Marley, Mark S.; Savransky, Dmitry; Schneider, Adam C.; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Song, Inseok; Soummer, Remi; Thomas, Sandrine; Wallace, J. Kent; Ward-Duong, Kimberly; Wiktorowicz, Sloane

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa6cae

An Optical/Near-infrared Investigation of HD 100546 b with the Gemini Planet Imager and MagAO

Rameau, Julien; Follette, Katherine B.; Pueyo, Laurent; Marois, Christian; Macintosh, Bruce; Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell; Wang, Jason J.; Vega, David; Doyon, René; Lafrenière, David; Nielsen, Eric L.; Bailey, Vanessa; Chilcote, Jeffrey K.; Close, Laird M.; Esposito, Thomas M.; Males, Jared R.; Metchev, Stanimir; Morzinski, Katie M.; Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste; Wolff, Schuyler G.; Ammons, S.M.; Barman, Travis S.; Bulger, Joanna; Cotten, Tara; Rosa, Robert J. De; Duchene, Gaspard; Fitzgerald, Michael P.; Goodsell, Stephen; Graham, James R.; Greenbaum, Alexandra Z.; Hibon, Pascale; Hung, Li-Wei; Ingraham, Patrick; Kalas, Paul; Konopacky, Quinn; Larkin, James E.; Maire, Jérôme; Marchis, Franck; Oppenheimer, Rebecca; Palmer, David; Patience, Jennifer; Perrin, Marshall D.; Poyneer, Lisa; Rajan, Abhijith; Rantakyrö, Fredrik T.; Marley, Mark S.; Savransky, Dmitry; Schneider, Adam C.; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Song, Inseok; Soummer, Remi; Thomas, Sandrine; Wallace, J. Kent; Ward-Duong, Kimberly; Wiktor...

Authors

Julien Rameau

Katherine B. Follette

Laurent Pueyo

Christian Marois

Bruce Macintosh

Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer

Jason J. Wang

David Vega

René Doyon

David Lafrenière

Eric L. Nielsen

Vanessa Bailey

Jeffrey K. Chilcote

Laird M. Close

Thomas M. Esposito

Jared R. Males

Stanimir Metchev

Katie M. Morzinski

Jean-Baptiste Ruffio

Schuyler G. Wolff

S.M. Ammons

Travis S. Barman

Joanna Bulger

Tara Cotten

Robert J. De Rosa

Gaspard Duchene

Michael P. Fitzgerald

Dr Stephen Goodsell stephen.goodsell@durham.ac.uk
Programme Manager

James R. Graham

Alexandra Z. Greenbaum

Pascale Hibon

Li-Wei Hung

Patrick Ingraham

Paul Kalas

Quinn Konopacky

James E. Larkin

Jérôme Maire

Franck Marchis

Rebecca Oppenheimer

David Palmer

Jennifer Patience

Marshall D. Perrin

Lisa Poyneer

Abhijith Rajan

Fredrik T. Rantakyrö

Mark S. Marley

Dmitry Savransky

Adam C. Schneider

Anand Sivaramakrishnan

Inseok Song

Remi Soummer

Sandrine Thomas

J. Kent Wallace

Kimberly Ward-Duong

Sloane Wiktorowicz

Abstract

We present H band spectroscopic and Hα photometric observations of HD 100546 obtained with the Gemini Planet Imager and the Magellan Visible AO camera. We detect H band emission at the location of the protoplanet HD 100546 b, but show that the choice of data processing parameters strongly affects the morphology of this source. It appears point-like in some aggressive reductions, but rejoins an extended disk structure in the majority of the others. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this emission appears stationary on a timescale of 4.6 years, inconsistent at the 2σ level with a Keplerian clockwise orbit at 59 au in the disk plane. The H band spectrum of the emission is inconsistent with any type of low effective temperature object or accreting protoplanetary disk. It strongly suggests a scattered-light origin, as this is consistent with the spectrum of the star and the spectra extracted at other locations in the disk. A non-detection at the 5σ level of HD 100546 b in differential Hα imaging places an upper limit, assuming the protoplanet lies in a gap free of extinction, on the accretion luminosity of 1.7 × 10−4 L ⊙ and $M\dot{M}\lt 6.3\times {10}^{-7}\,{M}_{\mathrm{Jup}}^{2}\,{\mathrm{yr}}^{-1}$ for 1 R Jup. These limits are comparable to the accretion luminosity and accretion rate of T-Tauri stars or LkCa 15 b. Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that the H band source at the location of HD 100546 b is not emitted by a planetary photosphere or an accreting circumplanetary disk but is a disk feature enhanced by the point-spread function subtraction process. This non-detection is consistent with the non-detection in the K band reported in an earlier study but does not exclude the possibility that HD 100546 b is deeply embedded.

Citation

Rameau, J., Follette, K. B., Pueyo, L., Marois, C., Macintosh, B., Millar-Blanchaer, M., …Wiktorowicz, S. (2017). An Optical/Near-infrared Investigation of HD 100546 b with the Gemini Planet Imager and MagAO. Astronomical Journal, 153(6), Article 244. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa6cae

Journal Article Type	Article
Acceptance Date	Apr 9, 2017
Online Publication Date	May 8, 2017
Publication Date	May 8, 2017
Deposit Date	Jul 6, 2017
Publicly Available Date	Jul 6, 2017
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Print ISSN	0004-6256
Electronic ISSN	1538-3881
Publisher	IOP Publishing
Peer Reviewed	Peer Reviewed
Volume	153
Issue	6
Article Number	244
DOI	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa6cae