Ancient genome-wide DNA from France highlights the complexity of interactions between Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and Neolithic farmers

Rivollat, Maïté; Jeong, Choongwon; Schiffels, Stephan; Küçükkalıpçı, İşil; Pemonge, Marie-Hélène; Alt, Kurt W.; Binder, Didier; Friederich, Susanne; Ghesquière, Emmanuel; Gronenborn, Detlef; Laporte, Luc; Lefranc, Philippe; Meller, Harald; Réveillas, Hélène; Rosenstock, Eva; Rottier, Stéphane; Scarre, Chris; Soler, Ludovic; Wahl, Joachim; Krause, Johannes; Deguilloux, Marie-France; Haak, Wolfgang

doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz5344

Ancient genome-wide DNA from France highlights the complexity of interactions between Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and Neolithic farmers

Rivollat, Maïté; Jeong, Choongwon; Schiffels, Stephan; Küçükkalıpçı, İşil; Pemonge, Marie-Hélène; Alt, Kurt W.; Binder, Didier; Friederich, Susanne; Ghesquière, Emmanuel; Gronenborn, Detlef; Laporte, Luc; Lefranc, Philippe; Meller, Harald; Réveillas, Hélène; Rosenstock, Eva; Rottier, Stéphane; Scarre, Chris; Soler, Ludovic; Wahl, Joachim; Krause, Johannes; Deguilloux, Marie-France; Haak, Wolfgang

Authors

Maïté Rivollat

Choongwon Jeong

Stephan Schiffels

İşil Küçükkalıpçı

Marie-Hélène Pemonge

Kurt W. Alt

Didier Binder

Susanne Friederich

Emmanuel Ghesquière

Detlef Gronenborn

Luc Laporte

Philippe Lefranc

Harald Meller

Hélène Réveillas

Eva Rosenstock

Stéphane Rottier

Chris Scarre

Ludovic Soler

Joachim Wahl

Johannes Krause

Marie-France Deguilloux

Wolfgang Haak

Abstract

Starting from 12,000 years ago in the Middle East, the Neolithic lifestyle spread across Europe via separate continental and Mediterranean routes. Genomes from early European farmers have shown a clear Near Eastern/Anatolian genetic affinity with limited contribution from hunter-gatherers. However, no genomic data are available from modern-day France, where both routes converged, as evidenced by a mosaic cultural pattern. Here, we present genome-wide data from 101 individuals from 12 sites covering today’s France and Germany from the Mesolithic (N = 3) to the Neolithic (N = 98) (7000–3000 BCE). Using the genetic substructure observed in European hunter-gatherers, we characterize diverse patterns of admixture in different regions, consistent with both routes of expansion. Early western European farmers show a higher proportion of distinctly western hunter-gatherer ancestry compared to central/southeastern farmers. Our data highlight the complexity of the biological interactions during the Neolithic expansion by revealing major regional variations.

Citation

Rivollat, M., Jeong, C., Schiffels, S., Küçükkalıpçı, İ., Pemonge, M., Alt, K. W., …Haak, W. (2020). Ancient genome-wide DNA from France highlights the complexity of interactions between Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and Neolithic farmers. Science Advances, 6(22), Article eaaz5344. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz5344

Journal Article Type	Article
Acceptance Date	Mar 12, 2020
Online Publication Date	May 29, 2020
Publication Date	May 27, 2020
Deposit Date	Mar 31, 2020
Publicly Available Date	Jun 2, 2020
Journal	Science Advances
Publisher	American Association for the Advancement of Science
Peer Reviewed	Peer Reviewed
Volume	6
Issue	22
Article Number	eaaz5344
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz5344

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