Setting the scene for BUFFALO: a study of the matter distribution in the HFF galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 and its parallel field

Steinhardt, CL; Remolina Gonzalez, JD; Diego, JM; Connor, T; Clowe, D; Barnes, D; Koekemoer, AM; Niemiec, A; Harvey, D; Schaller, M; Eckert, D; Jauzac, M; Chalela, M; Gonzalez, EJ

doi:10.1093/mnras/staa745

Setting the scene for BUFFALO: a study of the matter distribution in the HFF galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 and its parallel field

Steinhardt, CL; Remolina Gonzalez, JD; Diego, JM; Connor, T; Clowe, D; Barnes, D; Koekemoer, AM; Niemiec, A; Harvey, D; Schaller, M; Eckert, D; Jauzac, M; Chalela, M; Gonzalez, EJ

Authors

CL Steinhardt

JD Remolina Gonzalez

JM Diego

T Connor

D Clowe

D Barnes

AM Koekemoer

A Niemiec

D Harvey

M Schaller

D Eckert

Professor Mathilde Jauzac mathilde.jauzac@durham.ac.uk
Professor

M Chalela

EJ Gonzalez

Abstract

In the context of the Beyond Ultradeep Frontier Fields And Legacy Observations (BUFFALO) survey, we present a new analysis of the merging galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 (z = 0.397) and its parallel field using Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) data. We measure the surface mass density from a weak-lensing analysis and characterize the overall matter distribution in both the cluster and parallel fields. The surface mass distribution derived for the parallel field shows clumpy overdensities connected by filament-like structures elongated in the direction of the cluster core. We also characterize the X-ray emission in the parallel field and compare it with the lensing mass distribution. We identify five mass peaks at the >5σ level over the two fields, four of them being in the cluster one. Three of them are located close to galaxy overdensities and one is also close to an excess in the X-ray emission. Nevertheless, two of them have neither optical nor X-ray counterpart and are located close to the edges of the field of view, thus further studies are needed to confirm them as substructures. Finally, we compare our results with the predicted subhalo distribution of one of the Hydrangea/C-EAGLE simulated cluster. Significant differences are obtained suggesting the simulated cluster is at a more advanced evolutionary stage than MACS J0416.1−2403. Our results anticipate the upcoming BUFFALO observations that will link the two HFF fields, extending further the HST coverage.

Citation

Steinhardt, C., Remolina Gonzalez, J., Diego, J., Connor, T., Clowe, D., Barnes, D., …Gonzalez, E. (2020). Setting the scene for BUFFALO: a study of the matter distribution in the HFF galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 and its parallel field. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 494(1), 349-362. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa745

Journal Article Type	Article
Acceptance Date	Mar 11, 2020
Online Publication Date	Mar 20, 2020
Publication Date	2020-05
Deposit Date	Jun 10, 2020
Publicly Available Date	Jun 10, 2020
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Print ISSN	0035-8711
Electronic ISSN	1365-2966
Publisher	Royal Astronomical Society
Peer Reviewed	Peer Reviewed
Volume	494
Issue	1
Pages	349-362
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa745

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Copyright Statement
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. ©: 2020 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.