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The latest Ordovician Hirnantian brachiopod faunas: New global insights

Jiayu, Rong; Harper, D.A.T.; Bing, Huang; Rongyu, Li; Xiaole, Zhang; Di, Chen

The latest Ordovician Hirnantian brachiopod faunas: New global insights Thumbnail


Authors

Rong Jiayu

Huang Bing

Li Rongyu

Zhang Xiaole

Chen Di



Abstract

The temporal and spatial distribution of Hirnantian brachiopod faunas are reviewed based on a new, comprehensive dataset from over 20 palaeoplates and terranes, a revised correlation scheme for Hirnantian strata and numerical methods including network analysis. There were two successive evolutionary faunas: 1. the widespread and diachronous Hirnantia Fauna related to the glacial acme in the early−mid Hirnantian, including shallow, deeper and deep-water communities that diversified in much more complicated environmental conditions than hitherto envisaged; and 2. the Edgewood-Cathay Fauna (new term) thrived during post-glacial, warmer, shallow-water regimes with both carbonate and siliciclastic facies from low latitudes in the late Hirnantian−early Rhuddanian. The two survival faunas can occur in the same order in different regions, immediately following the first and second phases of the Hirnantian crisis, respectively. This faunal succession records two climatic perturbations, one with a glaciation, associated with climatic cooling and a global low-stand, during which the Hirnantia Fauna flourished, and a second characterized by melting ice, global warming, and sea-level rise (with global anoxia), aligned to the development of the Edgewood-Cathay Fauna and the repopulation of the seas by many animals adapted to warmer water, e.g., metazoan reefs, massive tabulates, and sponges. Changes in many properties of the Hirnantia Fauna may have resulted from the heterogeneity of global climate change in time and space; contrasts in the Edgewood-Cathay faunas record differences between carbonate and siliciclastic deposition, respectively, at low latitudes. Intense climate changes, sea-level fluctuations, and oceanographic ventilation and anoxia, had important roles in brachiopod evolution through the Hirnantian extinctions as first taxa confined to warm-water and then cool-water conditions were the main victims. During the Hirnantian, higher originations of new taxa may have been a response to crises, which increased the rate of phyletic evolution due to extreme climatic conditions.

Citation

Jiayu, R., Harper, D., Bing, H., Rongyu, L., Xiaole, Z., & Di, C. (2020). The latest Ordovician Hirnantian brachiopod faunas: New global insights. Earth-Science Reviews, 208, Article 103280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103280

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jul 6, 2020
Online Publication Date Jul 11, 2020
Publication Date 2020-09
Deposit Date Jul 14, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Earth-Science Reviews
Print ISSN 0012-8252
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 208
Article Number 103280
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103280

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