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Emerging conservation initiatives for lampreys: research challenges and opportunities

Lucas, M.C.; Hume, J.B.; Almeida, P.R.; Aronsuu, K.; Habit, E.; Silva, S.; Wang, C.; Zampatti, B.

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Authors

J.B. Hume

P.R. Almeida

K. Aronsuu

E. Habit

S. Silva

C. Wang

B. Zampatti



Abstract

Lampreys worldwide face multiple anthropogenic stressors. Several species are ‘at-risk’ listed, yet abundance data for most remain insufficient to adequately assess conservation status. Lamprey population declines are largely due to habitat degradation and fragmentation, pollution, and exploitation. Conservation priorities include: quantification of population trends and distribution; identification of Evolutionarily Significant Units; improved water quality and habitat; barrier removal or effective mitigation; ecologically-sensitive river flow management and hydropower planning; and mitigation of climate change impacts. There is urgent need for ecological and population demographics data for multiple species, particularly those in the Southern Hemisphere, Caspian Sea region, and Mexico. Irrigation and damming are already extensive, or rapidly expanding (e.g. Chile), while water-stressed regions (Mexico, California, Chile, Australia, Iberia) may be further impacted by climate change-induced flow alteration and increased temperatures. Barrier removal should benefit lampreys by increasing available habitat. However, fishways vary in effectiveness and are often inadequate, but present research opportunities encompassing ecohydraulics, biotelemetry and engineering. Environmental DNA permits rapid assessment of lamprey distribution within catchments, especially if improvements to distinguishing genetically similar groups are possible. Marine environments may play a critical role in population dynamics yet remain a “black box” in anadromous lamprey biology. Studying juvenile lamprey ecology is a substantial challenge but should be a priority. Some examples are monitoring of parasitic feeding-phase lamprey through trawl surveys and fisheries bycatch, telemetry of movements, or examining chemical tracers of marine habitat use. Knowledge transfer between the sea lamprey control programme and native-lamprey biologists worldwide remains crucial to developing effective lamprey management.

Citation

Lucas, M., Hume, J., Almeida, P., Aronsuu, K., Habit, E., Silva, S., …Zampatti, B. (2021). Emerging conservation initiatives for lampreys: research challenges and opportunities. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 47(S1), S690-S703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.06.004

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jun 11, 2020
Online Publication Date Jul 20, 2020
Publication Date 2021-12
Deposit Date Aug 12, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Journal of Great Lakes Research
Print ISSN 0380-1330
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 47
Issue S1
Pages S690-S703
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2020.06.004

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