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# Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. broad-line region modeling of NGC 5548.

Williams, P. R. and Pancoast, A. and Treu, T. and Brewer, B. J. and Peterson, B. M. and Barth, A. J. and Malkan, M. A. and Rosa, G. De and Horne, Keith and Kriss, G. A. and Arav, N. and Bentz, M. C. and Cackett, E. M. and Bontà, E. Dalla and Dehghanian, M. and Done, C. and Ferland, G. J. and Grier, C. J. and Kaastra, J. and Kara, E. and Kochanek, C. S. and Mathur, S. and Mehdipour, M. and Pogge, R. W. and Proga, D. and Vestergaard, M. and Waters, T. and Adams, S. M. and Anderson, M. D. and Arévalo, P. and Beatty, T. G. and Bennert, V. N. and Bigley, A. and Bisogni, S. and Borman, G. A. and Boroson, T. A. and Bottorff, M. C. and Brandt, W. N. and Breeveld, A. A. and Brotherton, M. and Brown, J. E. and Brown, J. S. and Canalizo, G. and Carini, M. T. and Clubb, K. I. and Comerford, J. M. and Corsini, E. M. and Crenshaw, D. M. and Croft, S. and Croxall, K. V. and Deason, A. J. and Lorenzo-Cáceres, A. De and Denney, K. D. and Dietrich, M. and Edelson, R. and Efimova, N. V. and Ely, J. and Evans, P. A. and Fausnaugh, M. M. and Filippenko, A. V. and Flatland, K. and Fox, O. D. and Gardner, E. and Gates, E. L. and Gehrels, N. and Geier, S. and Gelbord, J. M. and Gonzalez, L. and Gorjian, V. and Greene, J. E. and Grupe, D. and Gupta, A. and Hall, P. B. and Henderson, C. B. and Hicks, S. and Holmbeck, E. and Holoien, T. W.-S. and Hutchison, T. and Im, M. and Jensen, J. J. and Johnson, C. A. and Joner, M. D. and Jones, J. and Kaspi, S. and Kelly, P. L. and Kennea, J. A. and Kim, M. and Kim, S. and Kim, S. C. and King, A. and Klimanov, S. A. and Knigge, C. and Krongold, Y. and Lau, M. W. and Lee, J. C. and Leonard, D. C. and Li, Miao and Lira, P. and Lochhaas, C. and Ma, Zhiyuan and MacInnis, F. and Manne-Nicholas, E. R. and Mauerhan, J. C. and McGurk, R. and McHardy, I. M. and Montuori, C. and Morelli, L. and Mosquera, A. and Mudd, D. and Müller–Sánchez, F. and Nazarov, S. V. and Norris, R. P. and Nousek, J. A. and Nguyen, M. L. and Ochner, P. and Okhmat, D. N. and Papadakis, I. and Parks, J. R. and Pei, L. and Penny, M. T. and Pizzella, A. and Poleski, R. and Pott, J.-U. and Rafter, S. E. and Rix, H.-W. and Runnoe, J. and Saylor, D. A. and Schimoia, J. S. and Scott, B. and Sergeev, S. G. and Shappee, B. J. and Shivvers, I. and Siegel, M. and Simonian, G. V. and Siviero, A. and Skielboe, A. and Somers, G. and Spencer, M. and Starkey, D. and Stevens, D. J. and Sung, H.-I. and Tayar, J. and Tejos, N. and Turner, C. S. and Uttley, P. and Van Saders, J . and Vaughan, S. A. and Vican, L. and Villanueva, S. and Villforth, C. and Weiss, Y. and Woo, J.-H. and Yan, H. and Young, S. and Yuk, H. and Zheng, W. and Zhu, W. and Zu, Y. (2020) 'Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XII. broad-line region modeling of NGC 5548.', Astrophysical journal., 902 (1). p. 74.

## Abstract

We present geometric and dynamical modeling of the broad line region (BLR) for the multi-wavelength reverberation mapping campaign focused on NGC 5548 in 2014. The data set includes photometric and spectroscopic monitoring in the optical and ultraviolet, covering the Hβ, C iv, and Lyα broad emission lines. We find an extended disk-like Hβ BLR with a mixture of near-circular and outflowing gas trajectories, while the C iv and Lyα BLRs are much less extended and resemble shell-like structures. There is clear radial structure in the BLR, with C iv and Lyα emission arising at smaller radii than the Hβ emission. Using the three lines, we make three independent black hole mass measurements, all of which are consistent. Combining these results gives a joint inference of ${\mathrm{log}}_{10}({M}_{\mathrm{BH}}/{M}_{\odot })={7.64}_{-0.18}^{+0.21}$. We examine the effect of using the V band instead of the UV continuum light curve on the results and find a size difference that is consistent with the measured UV–optical time lag, but the other structural and kinematic parameters remain unchanged, suggesting that the V band is a suitable proxy for the ionizing continuum when exploring the BLR structure and kinematics. Finally, we compare the Hβ results to similar models of data obtained in 2008 when the active galactic nucleus was at a lower luminosity state. We find that the size of the emitting region increased during this time period, but the geometry and black hole mass remained unchanged, which confirms that the BLR kinematics suitably gauge the gravitational field of the central black hole.