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Statistical Approach to Raman Analysis of Graphene-Related Materials: Implications for Quality Control

Goldie, Stuart J.; Bush, Scott; Cumming, Jonathan A.; Coleman, Karl S.

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Authors

Stuart J. Goldie

Scott Bush



Abstract

A statistical method to determine the number of measurements required from nanomaterials to ensure reliable and robust analysis is described. Commercial products utilizing graphene are in their infancy and recent investigations of commercial graphene manufacture have attributed this to the lack of robust metrology and standards by which graphene and related carbon materials can be measured and compared. Raman spectroscopy is known to be a useful tool in carbon nanomaterial characterization, but to provide meaningful information, in particular for quality control or management, multiple spectra are needed. Herein we present a statistical method to quantify the number of different spectra or other microscale measurements that should be taken to reliably characterize a graphene material. We have recorded a large number of Raman measurements and studied the statistical convergence of these data sets. We use a graphical approach to monitor the change in summary statistics and a Monte Carlo based bootstrapping method of data analysis to computationally resample the data demonstrating the effects of underanalyzing a material; for example, graphene nanoplatelets may require over 500 spectra before information about the exfoliation efficiency, particle size, layer number, and chemical functionalization is accurately obtained.

Citation

Goldie, S. J., Bush, S., Cumming, J. A., & Coleman, K. S. (2020). Statistical Approach to Raman Analysis of Graphene-Related Materials: Implications for Quality Control. ACS Applied Nano Material, 3(11), 11229-11239. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.0c02361

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Oct 21, 2020
Online Publication Date Nov 3, 2020
Publication Date 2020
Deposit Date Oct 29, 2020
Publicly Available Date Mar 28, 2024
Journal ACS applied nano materials.
Electronic ISSN 2574-0970
Publisher American Chemical Society
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 3
Issue 11
Pages 11229-11239
DOI https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.0c02361

Files

Published Journal Article (Advance online version) (2.2 Mb)
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Publisher Licence URL
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Copyright Statement
Advance online version This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.





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