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A Review of Multimodal Hallucinations: Categorization, Assessment, Theoretical Perspectives, and Clinical Recommendations

Montagnese, Marcella; Leptourgos, Pantelis; Fernyhough, Charles; Waters, Flavie; Larøi, Frank; Jardri, Renaud; McCarthy-Jones, Simon; Thomas, Neil; Dudley, Rob; Taylor, John-Paul; Collerton, Daniel; Urwyler, Prabitha

A Review of Multimodal Hallucinations: Categorization, Assessment, Theoretical Perspectives, and Clinical Recommendations Thumbnail


Authors

Marcella Montagnese

Pantelis Leptourgos

Flavie Waters

Frank Larøi

Renaud Jardri

Simon McCarthy-Jones

Neil Thomas

Rob Dudley

John-Paul Taylor

Daniel Collerton

Prabitha Urwyler



Abstract

Hallucinations can occur in different sensory modalities, both simultaneously and serially in time. They have typically been studied in clinical populations as phenomena occurring in a single sensory modality. Hallucinatory experiences occurring in multiple sensory systems—multimodal hallucinations (MMHs)—are more prevalent than previously thought and may have greater adverse impact than unimodal ones, but they remain relatively underresearched. Here, we review and discuss: (1) the definition and categorization of both serial and simultaneous MMHs, (2) available assessment tools and how they can be improved, and (3) the explanatory power that current hallucination theories have for MMHs. Overall, we suggest that current models need to be updated or developed to account for MMHs and to inform research into the underlying processes of such hallucinatory phenomena. We make recommendations for future research and for clinical practice, including the need for service user involvement and for better assessment tools that can reliably measure MMHs and distinguish them from other related phenomena.

Citation

Montagnese, M., Leptourgos, P., Fernyhough, C., Waters, F., Larøi, F., Jardri, R., …Urwyler, P. (2021). A Review of Multimodal Hallucinations: Categorization, Assessment, Theoretical Perspectives, and Clinical Recommendations. Schizophrenia Bulletin: The Journal of Psychoses and Related Disorders, 47(1), 237 - 248. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa101

Journal Article Type Article
Online Publication Date Aug 9, 2020
Publication Date 2021-01
Deposit Date Sep 8, 2021
Publicly Available Date Sep 8, 2021
Journal Schizophrenia Bulletin
Print ISSN 0586-7614
Electronic ISSN 1745-1701
Publisher Oxford University Press
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 47
Issue 1
Pages 237 - 248
DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa101

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