The Khandaq Shapur: Defense, Irrigation, Boundary, Frontier

de Gruchy, Michelle; Jotheri, Jaafar; Alqaragholi, Hayder; Al-Janabi, Jassim; Alabdan, Raheem; Al-Talaqani, Haneen; Almamouri, Ghadeer; Al-Rubaye, Hajir

doi:10.3390/land10101017

The Khandaq Shapur: Defense, Irrigation, Boundary, Frontier

de Gruchy, Michelle; Jotheri, Jaafar; Alqaragholi, Hayder; Al-Janabi, Jassim; Alabdan, Raheem; Al-Talaqani, Haneen; Almamouri, Ghadeer; Al-Rubaye, Hajir

Authors

Michelle de Gruchy

Jaafar Jotheri

Hayder Alqaragholi

Jassim Al-Janabi

Raheem Alabdan

Haneen Al-Talaqani

Ghadeer Almamouri

Hajir Al-Rubaye

Abstract

Khandaq Shapur has been named one of the great barriers of the ancient world, but very little is known about the monumental-scale linear feature. This interdisciplinary paper brings together archaeologists and historians to present (1) an updated history of the Khandaq Shapur drawing upon a wider range of sources, including Arabic scholarly sources, and (2) a modern map of the Khandaq Shapur produced from a ground truthed remote sensing using historic Corona satellite imagery from the 1960s and imagery available in Google Earth. This new map of the Khandaq Shapur’s ground truthed location is compared to the known locations of Sasanian sites from previous archaeological surveys to contextualise the Khandaq Shapur within the wider archaeological landscape. Together, the landscape archaeology and historical evidence provide a comprehensive picture of this unique feature: shedding light not only on its precise location, but also its nature (what was it?) and how it was used over time.

Citation

de Gruchy, M., Jotheri, J., Alqaragholi, H., Al-Janabi, J., Alabdan, R., Al-Talaqani, H., …Al-Rubaye, H. (2021). The Khandaq Shapur: Defense, Irrigation, Boundary, Frontier. Land, 10(10), Article 1017. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10101017

Journal Article Type	Article
Acceptance Date	Sep 24, 2021
Online Publication Date	Sep 28, 2021
Publication Date	2021-10
Deposit Date	Sep 30, 2021
Publicly Available Date	Oct 1, 2021
Journal	Land
Publisher	MDPI
Peer Reviewed	Peer Reviewed
Volume	10
Issue	10
Article Number	1017
DOI	https://doi.org/10.3390/land10101017

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