Gilles Seropian
Vesiculation of Rhyolitic Melts Under Oscillatory Pressure
Seropian, Gilles; Kennedy, Ben M.; Kendrick, Jackie E.; Lavallée, Yan; Nichols, Alexander R.L.; von Aulock, Felix W.; Dingwell, Donald B.; Hess, Kai-Uwe; Lamur, Anthony; Schauroth, Jenny; Vasseur, Jérémie; Wadsworth, Fabian B.
Authors
Ben M. Kennedy
Jackie E. Kendrick
Yan Lavallée
Alexander R.L. Nichols
Felix W. von Aulock
Donald B. Dingwell
Kai-Uwe Hess
Anthony Lamur
Jenny Schauroth
Jérémie Vasseur
Dr Fabian Wadsworth fabian.b.wadsworth@durham.ac.uk
Associate Professor
Abstract
Magma ascending in the Earth’s crust can undergo oscillations in pressure, from ultra-low frequency changes associated with tectonics, to relatively higher frequency oscillations associated with seismicity. Seismic waves travelling through shallow magma bodies can lead to a range of unrest phenomena and potentially trigger volcanic eruptions. The mechanisms by which pressure oscillations can induce unrest or eruption remain debated. Here, we experimentally impose pressure oscillations on magma and study how they affect vesiculation processes. We use cylindrical samples (4.00 mm long, 4.85 mm diameter) of hydrous rhyolitic obsidian (0.11 ± 0.01 wt% H2O) placed in alumina (AL23) crucibles and vary pressure by the uniaxial loading of an alumina plunger in a thermo-mechanical analyzer. We monitor vesiculation at temperatures of 950–990°C and confining pressure of 177 kPa. We perform two types of experiment: 1) “static” experiments (at constant pressure) and 2) “oscillating” experiments in which we impose sinusoidal pressure oscillations of up to 71 kPa upon the static pressure (i.e., between 106 and 250 kPa). In both cases, we dilatometrically observe sample expansion driven by vesiculation. Post-experimental bubble textures reveal that bubbles formed preferentially at the sample margins. For the oscillating experiments, the sample expansion rate is lower than in the static experiments, and there are fewer vesicles at the sample margins. We examine the constituent processes of bubble formation (nucleation, growth, coalescence) and gas loss (diffusion, permeable flow) occurring during static experiments and with the added element of pressure oscillations. The most likely mechanism responsible for reduced sample expansion is that pressure oscillations drive the sample in and out of water saturation conditions and thus reduce the fraction of residence time over which bubble nucleation and/or growth are driven. Future work will be needed to confirm this hypothesis. These results are relevant to the study of earthquake-volcano interactions, where a magma body that sits close to volatile saturation is subject to pressure fluctuations.
Citation
Seropian, G., Kennedy, B. M., Kendrick, J. E., Lavallée, Y., Nichols, A. R., von Aulock, F. W., …Wadsworth, F. B. (2022). Vesiculation of Rhyolitic Melts Under Oscillatory Pressure. Frontiers in Earth Science, 10, Article 812311. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.812311
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Feb 2, 2022 |
Online Publication Date | Mar 17, 2022 |
Publication Date | 2022 |
Deposit Date | Jun 1, 2022 |
Publicly Available Date | Jun 1, 2022 |
Journal | Frontiers in Earth Science |
Publisher | Frontiers Media |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 10 |
Article Number | 812311 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.812311 |
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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
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