Skip to main content

Research Repository

Advanced Search

Item-specific overlap between hallucinatory experiences and cognition in the general population: A three-step multivariate analysis of international multi-site data

Chinchani, Abhijit M.; Menon, Mahesh; Roes, Meighen; Hwang, Heungsun; Allen, Paul; Bell, Vaughan; Bless, Josef; Bortolon, Catherine; Cella, Matteo; Fernyhough, Charles; Garrison, Jane; Kozáková, Eva; Larøi, Frank; Moffatt, Jamie; Say, Nicolas; Suzuki, Mimi; Toh, Wei Lin; Zaytseva, Yuliya; Rossell, Susan L.; Moseley, Peter; Woodward, Todd S.

Item-specific overlap between hallucinatory experiences and cognition in the general population: A three-step multivariate analysis of international multi-site data Thumbnail


Authors

Abhijit M. Chinchani

Mahesh Menon

Meighen Roes

Heungsun Hwang

Paul Allen

Vaughan Bell

Josef Bless

Catherine Bortolon

Matteo Cella

Jane Garrison

Eva Kozáková

Frank Larøi

Jamie Moffatt

Nicolas Say

Mimi Suzuki

Wei Lin Toh

Yuliya Zaytseva

Susan L. Rossell

Peter Moseley

Todd S. Woodward



Abstract

Hallucinatory experiences (HEs) can be pronounced in psychosis, but similar experiences also occur in nonclinical populations. Cognitive mechanisms hypothesized to underpin HEs include dysfunctional source monitoring, heightened signal detection, and impaired attentional processes. Using data from an international multisite study on non-clinical participants (N = 419), we described the overlap between two sets of variables - one measuring cognition and the other HEs - at the level of individual items. We used a three-step method to extract and examine item-specific signal, which is typically obscured when summary scores are analyzed using traditional methodologies. The three-step method involved: (1) constraining variance in cognition variables to that which is predictable from HE variables, followed by dimension reduction, (2) determining reliable HE items using split-halves and permutation tests, and (3) selecting cognition items for interpretation using a leave-one-out procedure followed by repetition of Steps 1 and 2. The results showed that the overlap between HEs and cognition variables can be conceptualized as bi-dimensional, with two distinct mechanisms emerging as candidates for separate pathways to the development of HEs: HEs involving perceptual distortions on one hand (including voices), underpinned by a low threshold for signal detection in cognition, and HEs involving sensory overload on the other hand, underpinned by reduced laterality in cognition. We propose that these two dimensions of HEs involving distortions/liberal signal detection, and sensation overload/reduced laterality may map onto psychosis-spectrum and dissociation-spectrum anomalous experiences, respectively.

Citation

Chinchani, A. M., Menon, M., Roes, M., Hwang, H., Allen, P., Bell, V., …Woodward, T. S. (2021). Item-specific overlap between hallucinatory experiences and cognition in the general population: A three-step multivariate analysis of international multi-site data. Cortex, 145, 131 - 144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.08.014

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Aug 24, 2021
Online Publication Date Oct 1, 2022
Publication Date 2021
Deposit Date Aug 9, 2022
Publicly Available Date Mar 29, 2024
Journal Cortex
Print ISSN 0010-9452
Publisher Elsevier
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 145
Pages 131 - 144
DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2021.08.014

Files





You might also like



Downloadable Citations